{"id":2754,"date":"2012-12-28T05:48:36","date_gmt":"2012-12-28T04:48:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/?page_id=2754"},"modified":"2016-04-23T20:18:22","modified_gmt":"2016-04-23T18:18:22","slug":"avexs-map-light-pollution-of-europe","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/tutoriels-logiciels\/archives-cartes-europeennes\/avexs-map-light-pollution-of-europe","title":{"rendered":"Avex\u2019s map : Light pollution of Europe"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3><\/h3>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-black ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/tutoriels-logiciels\/archives-cartes-europeennes\/avexs-map-light-pollution-of-europe\/#Download\" >Download<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/tutoriels-logiciels\/archives-cartes-europeennes\/avexs-map-light-pollution-of-europe\/#Introduction\" >Introduction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/tutoriels-logiciels\/archives-cartes-europeennes\/avexs-map-light-pollution-of-europe\/#Ce_qui_change_par_rapport_aux_cartes_nationales_to_translate\" >Ce qui change par rapport aux cartes nationales : (to translate)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/tutoriels-logiciels\/archives-cartes-europeennes\/avexs-map-light-pollution-of-europe\/#Ce_qui_ne_change_pas_to_translate\" >Ce qui ne change pas\u00a0(to translate)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/tutoriels-logiciels\/archives-cartes-europeennes\/avexs-map-light-pollution-of-europe\/#Precautions_of_interpretation\" >Precautions of interpretation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/tutoriels-logiciels\/archives-cartes-europeennes\/avexs-map-light-pollution-of-europe\/#Legal\" >Legal<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Download\"><\/span>Download<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>3 versions : Classic , Astrophoto and Sodium<\/p>\n<p>link for fast preview<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/pl\/europe\/a\">classi<\/a>c<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/pl\/europe\/a\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/classique_vignette.png\" alt=\"classique_vignette\" width=\"200\" height=\"132\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/pl\/europe\/b\/b\">astrophoto<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/pl\/europe\/b\/b\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/astrophoto_vignette.png\" alt=\"astrophoto_vignette\" width=\"200\" height=\"131\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/pl\/europe\/c\/c\">sodium<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/pl\/europe\/c\/c\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/sodium.png\" alt=\"sodium\" width=\"200\" height=\"131\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<form action=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/cgi-bin\/webscr\" method=\"post\"><input name=\"cmd\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"_s-xclick\" \/><br \/>\n<input name=\"hosted_button_id\" type=\"hidden\" value=\"UZYUTKZNBGX66\" \/><br \/>\n<input alt=\"PayPal - The safer, easier way to pay online!\" name=\"submit\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/en_US\/i\/btn\/btn_donate_LG.gif\" type=\"image\" \/><br \/>\n<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/i\/scr\/pixel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"40\" border=\"0\" \/><\/form>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.paypalobjects.com\/fr_FR\/i\/scr\/pixel.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Google Earth files (need google earth)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/pl\/europe\/a\/europe-classique.zip\">europe-classique.zip<\/a>:\u00a0&lt;= Classic view<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/pl\/europe\/a\/classique.kml\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/classique.png\" alt=\"classique\" width=\"755\" height=\"394\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong>White<\/strong> : 0\u201315 visible stars (without planets) according to the conditions. Very high level of light pollution and all around. Typical of big urban centre and big regional and national cities.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong>Magenta<\/strong> : 25\u201380 visible stars. Principles constellations began to be recognizable.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong>Red<\/strong> : 80\u2013150 stars : constellations and others stars appears. In a\u00a0telescope, Some Messier object began to be observable.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong>Orange<\/strong> : 150\u2013250 stars in good conditions. The light pollution is present all around but some darks areas appears. Typicaly the middle suburbs.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong>Yellow<\/strong> : 250\u2013500 stars. Strong light pollution but the Milky Way can appear in good conditions. Some Messiers among the most bright can be visible with the necked eye.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong>Green<\/strong> : 500\u20131000 stars : far peacefull suburbs, Milky Way many times visible but very sensitive to the atmospheric conditions. Typicaly, the glare of light pollution take a\u00a0large place in the sky and reach at 40\u201350\u00b0 of elevation.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong>Cyan<\/strong> : 1000\u20131500 stars. The Milky Way is visible most of the time in fonction of climatic conditions but without contrast.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong>Blue<\/strong> : 1500\u20132000 stars. Good sky. The Milky Way is easily visible, we began to have the sensation of a\u00a0good sky, but, some source of light pollution damage the sky and in a\u00a0second time the sky by reflexion at the vertical of the observer.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong>Night blue<\/strong> : 2000\u20133000 stars. Very good sky. The Milky Way is present and powerfull. The light glares are far away and scaterred, they don\u2019t affect the sky quality.<\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><strong>Black<\/strong>\u00a0: more than 3000 stars. No light pollution problems revealable on the sky quality<\/p>\n<p>___________<br \/>\n<a href=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/pl\/europe\/b\/b\/astrophoto.kml\">astrophoto.kml<\/a>\u00a0&lt;= Astrophoto enanced<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/pl\/europe\/b\/b\/astrophoto.kml\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/astrophoto.png\" alt=\"astrophoto\" width=\"755\" height=\"394\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>_______________<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/pl\/europe\/c\/c\/sodium.kml\">sodium.kml<\/a>\u00a0&lt;= Sodium<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/pl\/europe\/c\/c\/sodium.kml\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/europe-soidume-ge.png\" alt=\"europe-soidume-ge\" width=\"755\" height=\"414\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>Introduction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Apr\u00e8s quels mois de r\u00e9flexion pr\u00e9paratoire et des semaines de r\u00e9alisations, Avex est extr\u00eamement fi\u00e8re de vous pr\u00e9senter les nouvelles cartes de pollution lumineuse, \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle europ\u00e9enne.<\/p>\n<p>Le besoin d&rsquo;une carte unifi\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle Europ\u00e9ene se faisait de plus en plus sentir &#8211; d&rsquo;abord cela permet d&rsquo;englober des pays qui n&rsquo;ont jusqu&rsquo;alors jamais \u00e9t\u00e9 faits : Italie, Autriche, Pologne, Tch\u00e9quie, Slov\u00e9nie, Hongrie, pays de l&rsquo;Ex-Yougoslavie, Albanie, Lituanie, Danemark, Estonie, Irlande et des couverture partielle de la Norv\u00e8ge, Su\u00e8de, Finlande, Roumanie, Bulgarie, et exclusion totale de la Gr\u00e8ce du fait d&rsquo;une regretable absence de donn\u00e9es pour ce pays &#8211;\u00a0ensuite pour permettre de comparer \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle europ\u00e9enne<\/p>\n<div>\n<dl id=\"attachment_2752\">\n<dt><a href=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/couverture-europe.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/12\/couverture-europe.png\" alt=\"Couverture approximative de la carte de pollution lumineuse\" width=\"720\" height=\"569\" \/><\/a><\/dt>\n<dd>Couverture approximative de la carte de pollution lumineuse<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ce_qui_change_par_rapport_aux_cartes_nationales_to_translate\"><\/span>Ce qui change par rapport aux cartes nationales : (to translate)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>1. Pour la premi\u00e8re fois , les cartes Avex sont g\u00e9or\u00e9f\u00e9renc\u00e9es, c&rsquo;est a dire parfaitement exacte spatialement, importable et exportable depuis n&rsquo;importe quel logiciel SIG<\/p>\n<p>2. les \u00e9chelles des pays sont unifi\u00e9es sur la m\u00eame base, toute fois des facteurs multiplificatif ou diviseur ou \u00e9t\u00e9 appliqu\u00e9 sur certains pays pour mieux rendre compte des sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9s locales<\/p>\n<p>3. la pond\u00e9ration altim\u00e9trique a \u00e9t\u00e9 un peu amoindrie, toujours pour mieux rendre compte des observations in situ<\/p>\n<p>4. les cartes, extr\u00eamement volumineuse dans leur version initiale, ne sont disponibles que depuis google earth : je ne distribue plus les PDF ou les TIF qu\u2019au cas par cas sur demande (plus d&rsquo;un Go par carte)<\/p>\n<p>5. les routes interurbaines ne sont pratiquement plus prises en compte, sauf certaines grandes et larges autoroutes<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ce_qui_ne_change_pas_to_translate\"><\/span>Ce qui ne change pas\u00a0(to translate)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle des couleurs est la m\u00eame, les indications sont toujours valides<\/p>\n<p>La carte n\u2019est valable que pour un c\u00f4ne z\u00e9nithal de 50 \u00b0 (c\u2019est \u00e0 dire par rapport \u00e0 la verticale d\u2019 un lieu donn\u00e9), et ne rend pas compte des effets de la pollution lumineuse \u00e0 l\u2019horizon. Pour consid\u00e9rer les valeurs indiqu\u00e9es sur la carte, il est entendu que l\u2019observateur ne doit pas se trouver directement expos\u00e9 lui-m\u00eame \u00e0 une source de lumi\u00e8re directe, et qu\u2019 il se trouve depuis vingt minutes -au moins- \u00e0 l\u2019abri de toute source de lumi\u00e8re directe.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019exactitude des donn\u00e9es n\u2019est pas garantie : les valeurs sont indicatives et obtenues par le seul calcul, et non bas\u00e9es sur la r\u00e9alit\u00e9. Des ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes tr\u00e8s localis\u00e9s, comme l\u2019\u00e9clairage de monuments ou d\u2019\u00e9difices publics, ou au contraire l\u2019extinction des luminaires pass\u00e9s une certaine heure, peuvent fausser localement les donn\u00e9es. Ces cartes rendent compte de la pollution lumineuse pour 23 h, l\u2019hiver, avec un taux moyen de 85\u00b0 d\u2019humidit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Les zones aquatiques ne sont pas \u00e0 prendre en consid\u00e9ration : la propagation des halos lumineux a \u00e9t\u00e9 volontairement fortement att\u00e9nu\u00e9e au-dessus des mers, et ce, dans un souci de clart\u00e9. Ces cartes rendent compte des zones urbaines, ZA, ZI, zones pavillonnaires, ports, a\u00e9roports, certains a\u00e9rodromes, grosses autoroutes et certaines superstructures (grosses centrales nucl\u00e9aires notamment).<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019altitude joue \u00e9galement un r\u00f4le majeur sur la propagation de la pollution lumineuse : plus l\u2019observateur est situ\u00e9 en hauteur, moins la propagation de la diffusion est importante. Ainsi, une ville situ\u00e9e en contre bas d\u2019 un point d\u2019 observation \u00e9tablie 1000m plus hauts affecterait beaucoup moins la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air pour l\u2019observateur que si ce dernier \u00e9tait en plaine (au m\u00eame niveau que la source polluante). Les effets de l\u2019altitude sont semi-logarithmiques : \u00e0 ce titre, les milles premiers m\u00e8tres sont un facteur d\u00e9terminant sur la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019air<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Precautions_of_interpretation\"><\/span>Precautions of interpretation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>This map is good only for a\u00a0zenithal cone of 50\u00b0 (from the vertical of a\u00a0precise location) and don\u2019t show the light pollution toward the horizon. To consider the value indicate on the map, it\u2019s understood that the observer may have not to be expose himself to a\u00a0direct light source and he have to be sheltered from a\u00a0direct light source. The precision of the data are not guarantee : this is indicated values and obtain with arithmetic and non-based from reality. Locals phenomenas as lighting of monuments or public buildings, or at the contrary the extinction of the light from a\u00a0certain time can elude the data.<br \/>\nThis map show the light pollution at the time of 23:00, during winter, with a\u00a0midle quantity of humidity around 85 percent. The highway, due to the cars light are systematicaly counted as a\u00a0source of light pollution. Moreover, the glowing due the cars crossing can reduce to nothing around 20 minutes the nocturn vision of the observer and the quality of the local seeing. Aquatic places don\u2019t have to be take in consideration : the light propagation of the light glare was voluntary reduce in a clearness concern. This map show the urban places : artisanal places, industrial places, residential places and some big building (nuclear central i.e).<br \/>\nThe elevation play a\u00a0dominant role on the light propagation : more the observer is high, less the light diffusion is important. In this way, a\u00a0city located below an observation point at 1000m higher will affect less the air quality for the observer contrary to if this last was been in plain (at the same level of the light source).<br \/>\nThe efect of the elevation are semi-logarithmic : the first thousand of meters have an important role on the air quality.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Legal\"><\/span>Legal<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>1 This maps are and rest the exclusive property of Frederic Tapissier \/ AVEX or its beneficiary.<br \/>\n2 The author give the authorization to diffuse this map only in a\u00a0private context.<br \/>\n3 The rights can\u2019t to be transfer by the user to nobody and for any reason.<br \/>\n4 All print demand, diffusiob may have to be approove by Frederic Tapissier \/ AVEX.<br \/>\n5 No modification of the data, particulary the colors and the range of samples, the exploitation size of this map can not be operate without the autorization of Frederic Tapissier.<br \/>\n6 This PDF is protect by Copyrights and others electronics marks, and is protect against modifications and the exptortations of the containing data.<br \/>\n7 The author can not be consider as responsable of the use of this data in any way.<br \/>\n8 The author did not garantee the precsion of the data who are approximatives, the values are obtaining by arithmetic. This document can not be consider as an official basis for any works, and decline any responsability past, present and future of the using and the interpretation of this data.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Download 3 versions : Classic , Astrophoto and Sodium link for fast preview classic astrophoto sodium Google Earth files (need<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/tutoriels-logiciels\/archives-cartes-europeennes\/avexs-map-light-pollution-of-europe\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Avex\u2019s map : Light pollution of Europe<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3344,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2754","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2754","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2754"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2754\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3121,"href":"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2754\/revisions\/3121"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3344"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.avex-asso.org\/dossiers\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2754"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}